
Sustainable Metal Additive Manufacturing Using Recycled Inconel 718 Powder
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Inconel 718 is widely used in additive manufacturing (AM) due to its excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. However, reusing metal powders in AM presents challenges, as repeated use can alter powder characteristics and affect the quality of printed components. This study investigates the feasibility of reusing Inconel 718 powder by analyzing a blend containing 50% cyclone-collected used powder and 50% virgin powder, with virgin powder serving as a reference. To assess the effects of powder reuse, the powders were characterized in terms of particle size distribution, morphology, flowability, and chemical composition. Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) was then used to produce test specimens from both the blended and virgin powders. The quality of the printed parts was evaluated by examining porosity and defect distribution using optical microscopy. Furthermore, mechanical performance was assessed through tensile testing to measure strength and fatigue testing to evaluate durability under cyclic loading. The results showed that both virgin and blended powders exhibited similar pore distribution trends, with pore sizes remaining below approximately 70 microns. Tensile tests indicated negligible differences in yield strength and ultimate tensile strength between the two powder types, confirming that partial powder reuse does not significantly impact static mechanical properties. Interestingly, fatigue tests demonstrated improved performance in components produced from the blended powder, suggesting potential benefits in cyclic loading conditions. These findings highlight that incorporating partially recycled Inconel 718 powder in AM is a viable and sustainable approach. By maintaining mechanical integrity while reducing material waste and costs, this study contributes to the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly metal AM processes.